Uttarakhand Officially Implements Uniform Civil Code
On January 27, 2026, Uttarakhand made history by becoming the first state in India to implement the Uniform Civil Code (UCC). This significant event was celebrated during a gathering dubbed ‘UCC Day’, attended by Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami who emphasized the importance of social justice and equality in the state.
Addressing the audience, CM Dhami remarked, “Today would be recorded as a golden chapter in the history of Uttarakhand, as the Uniform Civil Code has been implemented in the state, ensuring the establishment of social justice, equality, and constitutional values in society.” The announcement marks the culmination of a long-standing goal that was articulated in the state government’s election manifesto in 2022.
Background and Importance of UCC Implementation
The concept of a Uniform Civil Code has been advocated for many years in India, grounded in Article 44 of the Directive Principles of State Policy as envisioned by the Constitution’s framers. The UCC aims to replace personal laws based on the scriptures and customs of each major religious community in India with a common set governing every citizen. This effort seeks to eliminate discrimination, ensure equality, and bring various communities under a single legal framework.
According to Dhami, the existence of multiple personal laws has historically led to discrimination and injustice, especially against women. He stated that the UCC reflects the values of Sanatan culture which advocate for harmony and equality among all. Upon implementation, it is anticipated to grant equal rights to all citizens, including significant advantages for women, particularly in the treatment of Muslim women who, according to Dhami, have been traditionally subjected to practices such as polygamy and triple talaq.
Timeline and Legislative Process
The journey towards the UCC’s implementation commenced shortly after Dhami’s government took office following the 2022 Assembly elections. The UCC Bill was passed in the State Assembly on February 7, 2024, and received the President’s assent on March 11, 2024. After completing all the necessary administrative requirements, Uttarakhand became the first state in India to have its own UCC in effect from January 27, 2025.
As part of the initiative, CM Dhami acknowledged the contributions of various officials who played pivotal roles in both the drafting and implementation processes. He celebrated their efforts during the UCC Day event, including members of the committee responsible for formulating the code and the administrative officers who facilitated its smooth introduction.
Key Features of the Uniform Civil Code
Equality and Social Justice
The UCC establishes uniformity in laws governing marriage, divorce, and inheritance, applying the same set of legal regulations to all citizens regardless of their religion. Dhami reinforced that this legal framework is not intended to challenge any religious beliefs but to eliminate socially harmful practices. He declared, “The UCC does not alter the core beliefs of any religion but aims to remove social evils.”
Under the new code, couples in live-in relationships will be recognized legally, ensuring that children born out of such unions are granted the same rights as those born within wedlock.
Women’s Empowerment and Rights
One of the highlights of the UCC is its potential for women’s empowerment. CM Dhami noted that since the implementation of the UCC, there have been no reported instances of polygamy or practices like halala and child marriage. This change, Dhami asserts, will provide Muslim women in Uttarakhand with enhanced rights and protection.
He said, “With the implementation of the UCC, not only have equal rights been ensured for all citizens, but a new era of women empowerment has also begun in the state.” This statement emphasizes the intent to create an environment of social justice for women, who have been historically marginalized.
Administrative Improvements and Public Response
The introduction of the UCC has also led to improved administrative efficiency in Uttarakhand. Before the implementation, the state was registering an average of only 67 marriages daily; this figure has surged to over 1,400 registrations post-UCC implementation. The government received more than 500,000 applications under the UCC within a year, with over 95% already being resolved. This considerable influx highlights not just a successful legislative effort but also enhanced public engagement.
Dhami explained, “Over the past year, the state government has made access to government services simpler, more accessible, and more transparent through the UCC.” The introduction of an online portal and the establishment of over 7,500 Common Service Centers have facilitated these improvements, ensuring governance reaches the people efficiently.
Future Considerations and Amendments
In conjunction with the UCC, recent amendments were made to address complexities and provide clarity in specific situations such as annulments based on concealed identities or false information during marriage. Dhami stated that strict enforcement measures would now be in place to handle issues of fraud, coercion, or unlawful acts in marriages and live-in relationships.
Moreover, the state government is committed to revisiting the UCC continuously to update and refine provisions as necessary. Officials are already investigating reported cases related to polygamy, and measures will be adopted to ensure rigorous actions in those situations.
Conclusion and National Implications
The successful implementation of the UCC in Uttarakhand could have far-reaching implications beyond its borders. Other states may observe Uttarakhand’s model as a reference point for similar reforms. CM Dhami sees this initiative as a vital step toward creating equality and justice for all citizens in the country.
The UCC not only symbolizes a legal advancement but represents a breakthrough toward achieving social harmony and justice that has been a focal point in Indian politics for decades. As Uttarakhand moves forward, the state’s journey could inspire a nationwide discourse on the matter.